Summary
generated automatically from NVD dataIn the Linux kernel's TLS receive path, recvmsg() mishandles a zero-length record that comes from the rx_list as the first record. This corner case can lead to a zero-copy decrypt followed by a record-type change, where there is no skb to queue, a situation the code assumed could never occur (CWE-754). The flaw is rated CRITICAL with a CVSS v3.1 score of 9.8 and is listed in the CISA KEV catalog as exploited. Debian Linux and Siemens SIMATIC CN 4100 firmware are also listed as affected.
NVD description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tls: fix handling of zero-length records on the rx_list Each recvmsg() call must process either - only contiguous DATA records (any number of them) - one non-DATA record If the next record has different type than what has already been processed we break out of the main processing loop. If the record has already been decrypted (which may be the case for TLS 1.3 where we don't know type until decryption) we queue the pending record to the rx_list. Next recvmsg() will pick it up from there. Queuing the skb to rx_list after zero-copy decrypt is not possible, since in that case we decrypted directly to the user space buffer, and we don't have an skb to queue (darg.skb points to the ciphertext skb for access to metadata like length). Only data records are allowed zero-copy, and we break the processing loop after each non-data record. So we should never zero-copy and then find out that the record type has changed. The corner case we missed is when the initial record comes from rx_list, and it's zero length.
⚠️ Actively exploited — CISA KEV
This CVE was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-09-18. It is confirmed exploited in the wild and must be patched as a priority.
Remediation deadline (US federal agencies): 2026-09-21
EPSS · FIRST.org
2.9%probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
Higher than 86% of scored CVEs
EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) estimates, from observed exploitation activity, how likely a CVE is to be exploited in the next 30 days. It complements CVSS, which measures severity, not likelihood. Score of 2026-10-16, recomputed daily by FIRST.org.
In-depth analysis on cveo.tech
We've published a detailed analysis of this CVE — exploitation, IOCs and mitigation.
CVSS v3.1 Score
Information
- Published
- 5 sept. 2025
- Updated
- 7 oct. 2026
- Status
- Analyzed
- Source
- 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Affected products
Weaknesses (CWE)
References (8)
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.htmlMailing ListThird Party Advisory
- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.htmlThird Party Advisory
- https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-39682US Government Resource
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